Introduction to TOGAF

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What is an enterprise?

The set of organizations that have a common goal may be a government department, a complete company, a company department, a single branch/department, or a geographically alienated organizational chain that is linked together by joint ownership.

May be an "extended enterprise", including partners, suppliers and customers.

What is an architecture?

Reinforcement is a general solution provided for a systematic and universal problem of a particular target system. The architecture is often a common abstraction of complex patterns.

The business architecture system is a general solution provided for the systematic and universal problems in the enterprise information management system. More specifically, it is based on the business-oriented and driven architecture to understand, analyze, design, build, integrate, and Extending, operating, and managing information systems, such as business architecture systems, consider that an information system must consist of organizational structures, business processes, business information, business functions, and business semantics.

The key to complex system integration is architecture-based (or architecture) integration, not component-based (or component) integration.

The architecture is defined in ISO/IEC 42010:20072 as follows:
The fundamental organization of a system, embodied in its components, their relationships to each other and the environment, and the principles governing its design and evolution.

An architecture is the basic structure of a system. It consists of multiple components and their relationships with each other, and is designed and evolved under certain circumstances and principles.

Train engineer

When the train engineer was doing the design, he wouldn't care about what was in each car. They only needed to care that the cars would be connected together and the specific things in each car would be given accordingly. The person responsible can be. Linking a section of cars together creates an implicit (or abstract) process, as if a flexible process should have the ability to not create an entire train when it is replaced with another car. What effect.

The connection between the cars is implemented like a flexible service interface, and its specific implementation is a flexible service.

What is an enterprise architecture?

Enterprise architecture can be divided into two parts: business architecture and IT architecture. Most of the enterprise architecture methods are derived from IT architecture.
  • Business architecture: It is the channel that transforms the company’s business strategy into daily operations. The business strategy determines the business architecture. It includes the business operation model, process system, organizational structure, and geographical distribution.
  • IT Architecture: The IT framework that guides IT investment and design decisions is a comprehensive blueprint for building enterprise information systems, including data architecture, application architecture, and technology architecture.
In contrast to RUP and other disciplines that focus primarily on implementation, the principle concern in the enterprise architecture area is the identification, specification, and prioritization of business-wide business requirements. It also feels that it is also a method of doing business informatization planning. I think that there is a difference between a tool-based product and an enterprise-class product. That is to say, to make enterprise-level products, product-based companies with tool-type products must transition to consulting-type service-oriented companies.
  1. The organizational logic of the business process (including all information and technical services, processes) and IT infrastructure reflects the integration and standardization requirements of the company's operating model (MIT Center for Information Systems Research)
  2. The concept blueprint defines the structure and operation of an organization. The intent of the enterprise architecture is to determine how the organization can most effectively achieve its current and future goals (SearchCIO.com)
Enterprise architecture is like strategic planning and can help companies execute business strategy planning and IT strategic planning. In terms of business strategy, TOGAF and its Architecture Development Method/ADM can be used to define the company's vision/mission, goals/purposes/drivers, organizational structure, functions, and roles. In terms of IT strategy, TOGAF and ADM describe in detail how to define the business architecture, data architecture, application architecture, and technology architecture, which are the best practice guidelines for IT strategic planning. Enterprise architecture is the bridge and standard interface between the enterprise business strategy and IT strategy. It is the core of enterprise information planning.

Originated from the enterprise architecture framework of the United States in the 1990s, a variety of enterprise architecture frameworks have been derived such as DoDAF (The Department of Defense Architecture Framework) and TOGAF.

Why do you need an enterprise architecture?

Some people may ask: "Why do we have to do architecture but not to ask for requirements directly?"  There is no need to design a simple kennel, but building a building must go through the design phase. I think that if you do something that is not complicated, I don’t think it will make a mistake, but once the business is complicated and the rules are troublesome, When it comes to change, there must be a clear architecture to ensure that what is being done is correct.

Most companies will skip the enterprise architecture and will directly enter the IT project when investing in IT. This will lead to inevitable phenomena such as duplication of investment and islands of information. Lack of planning will lead to the duplication of many development features. Some of the features have been dug into the cold. Here is a simple example: As a function of the HR service desk in the hr system, I filled out a question but did not reply. It is estimated that this function has been thrown into the cold, so satisfaction can be imagined.

I think EA is a strategic execution tool for business and IT alignment, a tool for design, management, and communication. Through the enterprise architecture, we can achieve:
  • Different people within the company must have a holistic understanding of the company’s current status (as-is) and corporate vision (to-be).
  • The common vision of business, information, and technical personnel is the foundation for understanding and communication.
  • Without a clear framework, it is impossible to ensure correct decision-making and good implementation. EA is the guarantee for understanding and realizing enterprise IT construction.

Why TOGAF?

According to reports from the above three research institutions, TOGAF's share has exceeded 50%.

TOGAF goals

  • Long term:
    • Industry Standards, Generic Enterprise Architecture Approach
    • Can be used alone or in conjunction with a specific framework for a specific group of products
  • Version9
    • An evolution from TOGAF 8.1.1, close alignment of business, reusability, overall architecture and enterprise architecture core methodology, can be enriched in the next few years

What is an architecture framework?

Large corporations and government agencies can consist of multiple companies, and may develop and maintain separate enterprise architectures to handle each enterprise, but each enterprise's information systems often have much in common and use a common architecture framework. There is usually a big, potential gain. For example, a common framework can provide the foundation for the development of an architecture repository, and reuse of model, design, and baseline data.
  • An architectural framework is a toolkit that can be used to develop a wide range of different architectures
  • It should explain the method of information system design, based on a set of corporate continuums, and explain how the continuum of enterprises forms a whole.
  • It should contain a set of tools and provide a common vocabulary
  • It should also include a list of recommended standards and compatible products that can be used to implement corporate continuum
TOGAF is an architectural framework. In short, it is a tool that assists in the development, acceptance, operation, use, and maintenance of the architecture. TOGAF has been used by 80% of Forbes 50 companies and supports an open, standard SOA reference architecture.

TOGAF is a collaborative effort among more than 300 members of the Open Group Architecture Forum. Members include leading IT customers and vendors worldwide, and represent the best practices for the development of the architecture. Using TOGAF as an architectural framework will allow the architecture to be developed to be consistent, reflect the needs of stakeholders, use best practices, and give due consideration to current needs and future business.

Architectural design is a technically complex process, and heterogeneous, multi-vendor architecture is significantly more complex. TOGAF plays an important role in helping "unmysterious" and deconstructing the architecture development process. TOGAF provides value-added platforms and enables users to build true open systems-based solutions to address their business issues and needs.

The Open Group

The Open Group began developing standards for system architecture in response to customer requests in 1993. In 1995, the Open Group Architecture Framework (TOGAF) architecture framework was published. The basis of TOGAF is the US Department of Defense's Information Architecture for Information Management (TAFIM). It is based on an iterative process model that supports best practices and a set of reusable existing infrastructure assets. It allows you to design, evaluate, and build the right architecture for your organization.

TOGAF range

Emphasizes business objectives as the driving force of the architecture and provides a repository of best practices, including:
  • TOGAF Architecture Development Method (ADM): ADM is a reliable, proven method to develop an enterprise architecture that meets business needs. It is the key to TOGAF.
  • TOGAF Architecture Content Framework: Provides a detailed architectural artifact model that includes deliverables, deliverable artifacts, and architectural building blocks
  • TOGAF Reference Model: Provides two reference models, the Technical Reference Model (TRM) and the Integrated Information Infrastructure Model (III-RM)
  • ADM guidelines and techniques: provide some guidance (iteration, security, etc.) and technologies (definition principles, business scenarios, gap analysis, migration plans, risk management, etc.) for ADM applications
  • Enterprise continuum: A repository of EA professionals and stakeholders, such as models, solution patterns, and other assets that can be used as building blocks in the implementation and reduction of enterprise architecture.
  • TOGAF competency framework: a set of resources, guidance, templates, background information, etc., to help in the organizational practice
After some introduction above, we know that TOGAF is an excellent enterprise architecture framework. The rest is how we learn and practice it!

References:

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